#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>  
#include <string>
// <iostream>  --> std::cerr, std::endl
// <stdexcept> --> std::out_of_range
// <stdexcept> --> std::string

int except_test () {
  std::string str("123456789");
  try {
    std::cout << "Before std.substr" << std::endl;
    std::string str2 = str.substr(15);
    std::cout << "After std.substr" << std::endl;
  }
  catch (const std::out_of_range & oor) {
    std::cerr << "Out of Range error: " << oor.what() << std::endl;
  }
  return 0;
}